Advance Innovation Centre
  • AIC Knowledge @ EEC for All
  • 😎Logical Thinking
    • Karel Robot
    • Code to Flowchart
    • Play with Docker
    • CNX Software
  • MCU & Interfacing with Infineon PSOC™
    • Basic MCU Interfacing
      • Introduction to CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Pioneer Kit
      • Development Environment Preparation
      • PSoC™ 6S2 Peripherals Interfacing (GPIO)
        • Hello World and LED Blinking
        • GPIO Principles
        • PSoC™ 6S2 GPIO-HAL LED Blink Lab
        • PSoC™ 6S2 GPIO-PDL LED Blink Lab
        • Button "Bounce" Principles
          • Push/Pull Button to Turn ON/OFF LED via HAL
          • Push/Pull Button to Turn ON/OFF LED via PDL
          • GPIO Button Interrupt via HAL
          • GPIO Button Interrupt via PDL
        • GPIO variables & functions
      • PSoC™ 6S2 Peripherals Interfacing (ADC, PWM)
        • PSoC™ 6S2 SAR ADC
          • ADC Principles
          • PSoC™ 6S2 with ADC Labs
            • Reading potentiometer sensor value via an ADC HAL
            • Reading potentiometer sensor value via an ADC PDL
        • PSoC™ 6S2 PWM & TCPWM
          • PWM Principles
          • PSoC™ 6S2 for PMW Function Labs
            • LED Brightness using PWM via HAL
            • LED Brightness using PWM via PDL
    • Sensor Interfacing and HMI
      • OLED Display
        • OLED Display Principles
        • Calling BDH’s OLED functions
        • Display ADC via Potentiometer on OLED
      • BDH Shell
        • Shell Principles
        • LED Blinking and CAPSENSE via BDH Shell
        • Adding "History" command
        • Adding "Reboot" command
        • CAPSENSE Button and Slider
          • CAPSENSE Button and Slider with Capsense Tuner
          • CAPSENSE Button and Slider using FreeRTOS
    • Serial Communication & Visualization
      • UART, I2C, SPI Communication via Infineon PSoC™6
      • BMX160 Sensor Communication via Infineon PSoC™6
        • Reading ADC via HAL with Potentiometer and Displaying GUI on Serial Studio
        • Reading XENSIV-DPS-3XX Pressure Sensor and Displaying GUI on Serial Studio
        • Motion Sensors GUI Integration via Serial Studio
    • IoT Connectivity & Data Analytics via Node-Red
      • Node-Red Installation
      • Setting MQTTS to MQTT Broker
      • Sending PSoC6’s sensor to MQTT (node-red)
    • Edge AI on PSoC™
      • Machine Learning on PSoC™6 via Edge-Impulse
    • Infineon PSoC™ Troubleshooting
  • IoT Development with Infineon PSOC™ & BDH Platform
    • PSoC™ IoT Development Kit
      • Introduction to CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Pioneer Kit
      • Development Environment Preparation
        • Hello World and LED Blinking
    • IoT Connectivity
      • Node-Red Installation
      • Controlling PSoC™ LED using MQTT
      • Setting MQTTS to MQTT Broker
      • Sending PSoC6’s sensor to MQTT (node-red)
    • BDH IoT Connectivity
    • WireLinX™ IoT PLC
    • BDH X-Brain Data Analytics
      • PSoC6 Data Collection to CSV log file
    • Data Visualization
      • สร้าง Dashboard ด้วย Looker Studio
  • 🖥️Operation Systems
    • Prerequisites
      • Guideline from Ubuntu
        • Ubuntu and VSCode on WSL2
      • ติดตั้ง WSL 2
      • Run Ubuntu on VirtualBox7
    • Zero to Linux Hero
      • Computer OS Architecture
      • Anatomy of Linux System
        • UNIX/Linux History
        • UNIX/Linux Evolution
        • GNU Project
        • Linux OS Architecture
        • Command Line Interface (CLI)
          • Basic Commands
          • 😎Level up your Linux Shell
          • File & Dir. Commands
          • Searching Commands
          • 😎ChatGPT-based Terminal
          • SysAdmin Commands
          • Network Commands
          • Hacker Commands
        • Busybox
        • Shell Script
          • Awk Script
          • Bash Shell Script
            • Bash Snippets
            • Bash Useful Examples
      • Anatomy of Linux Kernel
        • Linux Kernel Principles
        • Linux Environment for Developer
      • Anatomy of Embedded Linux
        • Embedded Linux
        • Host & Target
        • Cross Toolchains
        • Bootloader
        • Building Embedded Linux
    • Linux OS Dev. Engineer
      • Process Management
        • Process Basic
        • Process State
        • Basic Process Mgmt. Commands
        • Advance Process Mgmt. Commands
        • Process API Programming
      • IPC
        • IPC Anatomy
        • Signal Programming
        • Pipe Programming
        • FIFO Programming
        • Msg. Queue Programming
          • System V
        • Share Memory Programming
          • System V
        • Socket Programming
      • POSIX Threads
        • Multi-tasking Basic
        • POSIX Thread Anatomy
        • Threading Programming
      • Applied IPC
        • Remote Commander
        • Multi-Remote Commanders
      • Process Synchronization
        • Mutex Programming
        • Semaphore Programming
      • Applied IPC with Semaphore
  • ⌚Embedded Systems Development
    • Introduction to ESD
      • Why's ESD?
      • What it use for?
      • How it works?
    • Enbedded System Development via PSoC6
      • Basic MCU Interfacing
        • Introduction to CY8CKIT-062S2-43012 Pioneer Kit
        • Development Environment Preparation
        • PSoC™ 6S2 Peripherals Interfacing (GPIO)
          • Hello World and LED Blinking
          • GPIO Principles
          • PSoC™ 6S2 GPIO-HAL LED Blink Lab
          • PSoC™ 6S2 GPIO-PDL LED Blink Lab
          • Button "Bounce" Principles
            • Push/Pull Button to Turn ON/OFF LED via HAL
            • Push/Pull Button to Turn ON/OFF LED via PDL
            • GPIO Button Interrupt via HAL
            • GPIO Button Interrupt via PDL
          • GPIO variables & functions
        • PSoC™ 6S2 Peripherals Interfacing (ADC, PWM)
          • PSoC™ 6S2 SAR ADC
            • ADC Principles
            • PSoC™ 6S2 with ADC Labs
              • Reading potentiometer sensor value via an ADC HAL
              • Reading potentiometer sensor value via an ADC PDL
          • PSoC™ 6S2 PWM & TCPWM
            • PWM Principles
            • PSoC™ 6S2 for PMW Function Labs
              • LED Brightness using PWM via HAL
              • LED Brightness using PWM via PDL
      • Sensor Interfacing and HMI
        • OLED Display
          • OLED Display Principles
          • Calling BDH’s OLED functions
          • Display ADC via Potentiometer on OLED
        • BDH Shell
          • Shell Principles
          • LED Blinking and CAPSENSE via BDH Shell
          • Adding "History" command
          • Adding "Reboot" command
          • CAPSENSE Button and Slider
            • CAPSENSE Button and Slider with Capsense Tuner
            • CAPSENSE Button and Slider using FreeRTOS
      • Serial Communication & Visualization
        • UART, I2C, SPI Communication via Infineon PSoC™6
        • BMX160 Sensor Communication via Infineon PSoC™6
          • Reading ADC via HAL with Potentiometer and Displaying GUI on Serial Studio
          • Reading XENSIV-DPS-3XX Pressure Sensor and Displaying GUI on Serial Studio
          • Motion Sensors GUI Integration via Serial Studio
    • Edge Computing and IoT Connectivity
    • Cloud-Based Data Analytics and Digital Twin
    • Edge Vision AI
    • Resources
      • Basic Hardware and Firmware
        • Environment Preparation
          • การติดตั้งโปรแกรม Arduino IDE
            • ตัวอย่างการเริ่มต้นใช้งาน Arduino IDE
          • การติดตั้งโปรแกรมสำหรับใช้งานเครื่องมือวัด NI MyDAQ
            • ตัวอย่างการตั้งค่าใช้ Digital Multimeter -NI ELVISmx
            • ตัวอย่างการตั้งค่าใช้ Oscilloscope-NI ELVISmx
          • ติดตั้งโปรแกรม KingstVIS
        • Basic measurement
          • Basic Digital and Analog I/O
            • LAB: Basic Digital Input/Output
            • LAB: Basic Analog Input/Output
          • Waveform
            • LAB: Oscilloscope
            • LAB: Oscilloscope and Function Generator
            • LAB: Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)
              • Homework
        • Interfacing and Communication
          • LAB: UART, RS485, RS232 Protocol
          • LAB: I2C Protocol
            • HOMEWORK
          • LAB: SPI Protocol
      • IoT Connectivity
        • Example: IoT with MQTT on Node-red
        • Data logger
        • LAB: Data Visualization
  • 🛠️C/C++ for Embedded Programming
    • Development Environment Preparation
      • ติดตั้ง WSL 2
      • ติดตั้ง Ubuntu environment
      • ติดตั้งโปรแกรม Visual Studio Code
      • การเชื่อมต่อ Virtual studio code เข้ากับ WSL
      • ติดตั้ง docker on WSL
    • Principle C/C++ Programming
      • Get started with C++
      • Makefile
        • Makefile Examples
      • Compiling and running
        • How to create a program that you can enter inputs.
          • Lab 1 Exercise
      • Arguments
        • Command line arguments in C and C++
      • signed and unsigned data types
      • Variable and Operator
      • If and If else
      • Loop, Infinite loop, and flag
        • Loop and Flag exercise
      • Array
        • Get to know with arrays
        • Implement example
      • Vector
    • Object Oriented Programming (OOP) in C++
      • Class and Object
      • Encapsulation and Abstraction
      • Polymorphism and Inheritance
    • C/C++ Preprocessing
      • Macro
        • Quiz Macro
      • File Inclusion
      • Conditional Compilation
      • Pragma directive
        • Quiz Pragma
    • String in C++
      • Concatenation
      • Split
    • Type conversions for C/C++
      • Conversion using Cast operator
    • Error handling
    • Data logger
      • การสร้างไฟล์และเขียนไฟล์
      • การอ่านไฟล์
      • การเก็บข้อมูลกับTime stamp
    • High performance programing
      • Multi-task and Multi-thread
        • Multi-threading example
      • Mutex
      • Queue
      • OpenCV
    • C/C++ Techniques
      • Makefile in action
      • Object Oriented Programming (OOP) in C++
        • Class and Object
        • Encapsulation and Abstraction
        • Polymorphism and Inheritance
      • C/C++ Preprocessing
        • Macro
          • Quiz Macro
        • File Inclusion
        • Conditional Compilation
        • Pragma directive
          • Quiz Pragma
      • Binary, Octal and Hexadecimal Numbers
      • Array and properties of an array
        • Get to know with arrays
        • Implement example
      • What's next?
  • 🤖Artificial Intelligence (AI)
    • VAMStack Design House, BUU
    • Data Analytics
      • Data cleansing
      • Data analytics
      • Data analytic exercise
    • Machine Learning
      • Neural Network Layers
      • Machine learning type
      • Dataset
      • Using Edge Impulse for AI Model
    • Basic Image Processing
      • Computer Vision using Python Language
        • Installation
        • Computer Vision Basics
          • Pixel and Color
          • Draw image
          • Basic Image processing
          • Morphology Transformations
          • Gaussian blur
          • Simple Thresholding
          • Contour
          • Canny edge detection
        • Case Study
          • Coin counting
          • Color detection & tracking
        • VAM_CV SDK
  • ⚙️FPGA Design and Development
    • Verilog HDL via Vivado IDE
      • LAB1: Setting Environment and Create Project
        • Create Vivado Project
      • LAB2: Hardware Description Language Work Flow
        • Simulation code
      • LAB3: Design HDL Project
        • Top Level Design
        • Top-level Simulation
      • LAB4: Asynchronous VS Synchronous Circuit
        • Simulation Synchronous counter
    • C/C++ Programming on Ultra96v2 FPGA Board
      • Application C/C++ on Ultra96v2 Part 1
        • Design Overview
        • Step 1 - Burn the image to SD card
        • Step 2 - Bring up Ultra96v2
        • Step 3 - Installing the Vitis-AI runtime packages
      • Application C/C++ on Ultra96v2 Part 2
        • STEP 1 : Setting auto boot Wifi
        • STEP 2 : How to working on Embedded
        • STEP 3 : How to run the test code
  • 🤖Robotics
    • Dobot Magician
      • Instruction of Dobot
      • Software Download
      • Basically of Program
        • Teaching and Playback
        • Write and Draw
        • LaserEngraving
        • 3D Printer
    • Robotino
      • Software Download
        • Robotino View
        • Robotino SIM
      • Charging
      • Connecting
      • Follow Line example
        • Basic block in Follow Line
    • RaspBlock
      • Get Started with Raspblock
  • 🚩Special Topics
    • Node-Red
      • Set up Raspberry Pi
      • Install node red in Raspberry Pi
      • Get started with Node Red
        • Open node-red
        • Turn off node red
        • Install Dashboard on Node-red
        • Use node red to show message
        • Using Ultrasonic sensor with node-red
    • IoT Cloud
      • Overview
        • How do they work?
          • Basic Knowlege
      • Installations
        • Install Docker
        • Install Mosquitto Broker
        • Install InfluxDB
        • Install Telegraf
        • Install Grafana
      • Get Sensor Value and Send to MQTT
        • Connect ESP3266 to sensor
        • Connect ESP3266 to MQTT
      • Integration
    • Senses IoT
      • SENSES IoT Platform
      • LAB8: MCU send data to IoT platform
    • CrowPi Dev Kit
      • Raspberry Pi with CrowPi
      • Remote to Raspberry Pi
      • Cross-Compile
        • Lab 1: Programming and cross complier
      • Hardware and Interfaces Usage CLI
        • LAB: Usage GPIO via CLI
        • LAB: Scan I2C bus via CLI
      • Python library for Crow Pi
      • wiringPi library (C) for CrowPi
        • Lab2: Crowpi and sensors
    • LVGL Development
      • LVGL - Light and Versatile Embedded Graphics Library
        • Setting program for LVGL Simulator
        • Get started with LVGL simulator
        • Example Library of LVGL
        • Create your own screen
          • Exercise
        • Style
          • Exercise
        • Event
    • Docker OS
      • Docker OS Part 1
        • Part 1 : Installation
        • Part 2 : Basic Docker OS and Linux CLI
      • Docker OS Part 2
        • Part 1 : Docker communication
        • Part 2 : Docker compose
      • Application Gstreamer on devcontainer
        • STEP 1 : Setting gstreamer environment
        • STEP 2 : Create the Gstreamer element on template
        • STEP 3 : Testing and application on your gst element
  • 🤟Recommended by AIC
    • Skill Roadmap
      • Embedded Engineer
      • Developer
    • Hardware Programming
    • Embedded Programming
    • General-propose Programming
    • Algorithmica
    • Thai Expert Knowledge
    • RT-Thread University Program
      • Infineon PSoC6
      • Kernel
        • Kernel Basics
        • Thread Management
        • Clock Management
        • Inter-thread synchronization
        • Inter-thread communication
        • Memory Management
        • Interrupt Management
        • Kernel porting
        • Atomic Operations
        • RT-Thread SMP
        • Kernel API Changelog
      • Tools
      • Devices & Drivers
        • SENSOR Devices
        • Touch Equipment
        • CRYPTO Devices
        • AUDIO Devices
        • Pulse Encoder Devices
      • Components
        • C Library (libc)
        • ISO/ANSI C Standard
        • POSIX Standard
          • FILE (File IO)
          • Pthread
          • Timer
          • IPC Semaphore
          • IPC Message Queues
          • Dynamic Modules
        • Network Components
          • FinSH Console
          • FAL: Flash Abstraction Layer
          • Virtual File System
          • tmpfs: temporary file system
          • ulog log
          • utest testing framework
          • Power Management
          • RT-Link
        • Software Packages
          • Internet of Things
            • MQTT-umqtt
            • Telnet
          • Tools
            • SystemView
            • SEGGER_RTT
          • LVGL Manual
            • Touch Screen Driver
      • Demo
        • Infineon Gateway
        • Handwriting Recognition (MNIST)
        • Object Detection (Darknet)
        • ROS using RT-Thread
        • Control the car using RT-Thread
        • LiDAR via RT-Thread
        • Detection via RT-Thread and ROS
        • Sensor Driver Development Guide
Powered by GitBook

Assoc. Prof. Wiroon Sriborrirux, Founder of Advance Innovation Center (AIC) and Bangsaen Design House (BDH), Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Burapha University

On this page
  • Introduction to LIBC
  • 1 LIBC Balancing Layer
  • 2 ISO/ANSI C Standard
  • 3 POSIX Standard

Was this helpful?

  1. Recommended by AIC
  2. RT-Thread University Program
  3. Components

C Library (libc)

PreviousComponentsNextISO/ANSI C Standard

Last updated 7 months ago

Was this helpful?

The LIBC (C library) provided by RT-Thread consists of three parts: the compiler built-in LIBC leveling layer and the POSIX layer. The layout is shown in the following figure:

libc_structure

ANSI C, ISO C, Standard C refers to the standard for the C language published by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Historically, this name was used exclusively to refer to the original and best-supported version of this standard (called C89 or C90). Software developers using C are encouraged to follow the requirements of the standard because it encourages the use of cross-platform code. The first standard for C was published by ANSI. Although this document was later adopted by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the revisions published by ISO were also adopted by ANSI, the name ANSI C (rather than ISO C) is still widely used. Some software developers use the name ISO C, while others use the neutral name Standard C. For example, the commonly mentioned C89 (ANSI X3.159-1989), C99 (ISO/IEC 9899:1999), and C11 (ISO/IEC 9899:2011) actually refer to different versions of the standard.

This standard is usually supported by the built-in LIBC of the compiler/toolchain. For example, the built-in LIBC provided by Keil-MDK, IAR, etc. all meet this standard.

Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) is the general name of a series of interrelated standards that define APIs for running software on various UNIX operating systems. Its official name is IEEE Std 1003, and its international standard name is ISO/IEC 9945. ISO/ANSI C is a subset of POSIX.

For LIBC, the widely used POSIX standard is the 1003.1 standard, whose full name is IEEE Std 1003.1 (abbreviated as POSIX.1). IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, IEEE Std 1003.1-2008, etc. are the updated versions of POSIX.1 released at different times.

This standard is POSIX's real-time profile. This standard is a subset of IEEE Std 1003.1. IEEE Std. 1003.13 defines four subsets:

  • Minimal: Minimal Embedded Subset Specification - PSE51

  • Controller: Industrial Controller Subset Specification - PSE52

  • Dedicated: A larger subset of embedded systems specifications - PSE53

  • Multi-Purpose: A subset specification for large-scale general-purpose systems with real-time requirements - PSE54

Currently, RT-Thread has implemented the PSE51 specification and part of the PSE52 specification.

File

API

PSE51

PSE52

PSE53

PSE54

RT-Thread

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

√

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*


The LIBC balancing layer is responsible for docking the underlying stub functions of the built-in LIBC of the compiler toolchain and balancing the differences in the implementation of the built-in LIBC API of different compilers. It provides a unified functional interface for the upper POSIX layer and is located in the file directory. Balancing is required because the standard C library functions provided by the built-in LIBC of the four compilation toolchains GCC (newlib), Keil-MDK, IAR, and Visual Studio (WIN32) have different levels of support. The LIBC balancing layer is responsible for balancing the standard C libraries provided by the four different compilation chains to the same level. The LIBC balancing layer does not require manual intervention by the user. It will automatically perform balancing according to the compilation platform and toolchain used by the user when compiling the project. It ensures that the upper layer does not need to distinguish which compilation platform and toolchain LIBC is used, and can use a common header file to reference the relevant functions of LIBC.

🤟
1 LIBC Balancing Layer
components/libc/compiler
2 ISO/ANSI C Standard
3 POSIX Standard
3.1 IEEE Std 1003.1
3.2 IEEE Std. 1003.13
3.3 POSIX Standard and RT-Thread Implementation
<ctype.h>
isalnum()
isalpha()
isblank()
iscntrl()
isdigit()
isgraph()
islower()
isprint()
ispunct()
isspace()
isupper()
isxdigit()
tolower()
toupper()
<errno.h>
errno
<fcntl.h>
open()
creat()
fcntl()
posix_fadvise()
posix_fallocate()
<fenv.h>
feclearexcept()
fegetenv()
fegetexceptflag()
fegetround()
feholdexcept()
feraiseexcept()
fesetenv()
fesetexceptflag()
fesetround()
fetestexcept()
feupdateenv()
<inttypes.h>
imaxabs()
imaxdiv()
strtoimax()
strtoumax()
wcstoimax()
wcstoumax()
<locale.h>
localeconv()
setlocale()
<pthread.h>
pthread_attr_destroy()
pthread_attr_getdetachstate()
pthread_attr_getguardsize()
pthread_attr_getinheritsched()
pthread_attr_getschedparam()
pthread_attr_getschedpolicy()
pthread_attr_getscope()
pthread_attr_getstack()
pthread_attr_getstackaddr()
pthread_attr_getstacksize()
pthread_attr_init()
pthread_attr_setdetachstate()
pthread_attr_setguardsize()
pthread_attr_setinheritsched()
pthread_attr_setschedparam()
pthread_attr_setschedpolicy()
pthread_attr_setscope()
pthread_attr_setstack()
pthread_attr_setstackaddr()
pthread_attr_setstacksize()
pthread_cancel()
pthread_cleanup_pop()
pthread_cleanup_push()
pthread_cond_broadcast()
pthread_cond_destroy()
pthread_cond_init()
pthread_cond_signal()
pthread_cond_timedwait()
pthread_cond_wait()
pthread_condattr_destroy()
pthread_condattr_getclock()
pthread_condattr_init()
pthread_condattr_setclock()
pthread_create()
pthread_detach()
pthread_equal()
pthread_exit()
pthread_getconcurrency()
pthread_getschedparam()
pthread_getspecific()
pthread_join()
pthread_key_create()
pthread_key_delete()
pthread_mutex_destroy()
pthread_mutex_getprioceiling()
pthread_mutex_init()
pthread_mutex_lock()
pthread_mutex_setprioceiling()
pthread_mutex_trylock()
pthread_mutex_unlock()
pthread_mutexattr_destroy()
pthread_mutexattr_getprioceiling()
pthread_mutexattr_getprotocol()
pthread_mutexattr_gettype()
pthread_mutexattr_init()
pthread_mutexattr_setprioceiling()
pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol()
pthread_mutexattr_settype()
pthread_once()
pthread_self()
pthread_setcancelstate()
pthread_setcanceltype()
pthread_setconcurrency()
pthread_setschedparam()
pthread_setschedprio()
pthread_setspecific()
pthread_testcancel()
pthread_atfork()
pthread_getcpuclockid()
pthread_condattr_getpshared()
pthread_condattr_setpshared()
pthread_mutexattr_getpshared()
pthread_mutexattr_setpshared()
<sched.h>
sched_get_priority_max()
sched_get_priority_min()
sched_rr_get_interval()
sched_yield()
sched_getparam()
sched_getscheduler()
sched_setparam()
sched_setscheduler()
<semaphore.h>
sem_close()
sem_destroy()
sem_getvalue()
sem_init()
sem_open()
sem_post()
sem_timedwait()
sem_trywait()
sem_unlink()
sem_wait()
<setjmp.h>
longjmp()
setjmp()
siglongjmp()
sigsetjmp()
<signal.h>
kill()
pthread_kill()
pthread_sigmask()
raise()
sigaction()
sigaddset()
sigdelset()
sigemptyset()
sigfillset()
sigismember()
signal()
sigpending()
sigprocmask()
sigqueue()
sigsuspend()
sigtimedwait()
sigwait()
sigwaitinfo()
<stdarg.h>
va_arg()
va_copy()
va_end()
va_start()
<stdio.h>
clearerr()
fclose()
fdopen()
feof()
ferror()
fflush()
fgetc()
fgets()
fileno()
flockfile()
fopen()
fprintf()
fputc()
fputs()
fread()
freopen()
fscanf()
ftrylockfile()
funlockfile()
fwrite()
getc()
getc_unlocked()
getchar()
getchar_unlocked()
gets()
perror()
printf()
putc()
putc_unlocked()
putchar()
putchar_unlocked()
puts()
scanf()
setbuf()
setvbuf()
snprintf()
sprintf()
sscanf()
stderr
stdin
stdout
ungetc()
vfprintf()
vfscanf()
vprintf()
vscanf()
vsnprintf()
vsprintf()
vsscanf()
fgetpos()
fseek()
fseeko()
fsetpos()
ftell()
ftello()
remove()
rename()
rewind()
tmpfile()
tmpnam()
ctermid()
pclose()
popen()
<stdlib.h>
abort()
abs()
atof()
atoi()
atol()
atoll()
bsearch()
calloc()
div()
free()
getenv()
labs()
ldiv()
llabs()
lldiv()
malloc()
mktime()
qsort()
rand()
rand_r()
realloc()
setenv()
srand()
strtod()
strtof()
strtol()
strtold()
strtoll()
strtoul()
strtoull()
unsetenv()
_Exit()
atexit()
exit()
mblen()
mbstowcs()
mbtowc()
posix_memalign()
wcstombs()
wctomb()
system()
<string.h>
memchr()
memcmp()
memcpy()
memmove()
memset()
strcat()
strchr()
strcmp()
strcoll()
strcpy()
strcspn()
strerror()
strerror_r()
strlen()
strncat()
strncmp()
strncpy()
strpbrk()
strrchr()
strspn()
strstr()
strtok()
strtok_r()
strxfrm()
<sys/mman.h>
mlockall()
mmap()
munlock()
munmap()
shm_open()
shm_unlink()
msync()
mprotect()
posix_madvise()
<sys/utsname.h>
uname()
<time.h>
asctime()
asctime_r()
clock_getres()
clock_gettime()
clock_nanosleep()
clock_settime()
ctime()
ctime_r()
difftime()
gmtime()
gmtime_r()
localtime()
localtime_r()
nanosleep()
strftime()
time()
timer_create()
timer_delete()
timer_getoverrun()
timer_gettime()
timer_settime()
tzname
tzset()
clock()
clock_getcpuclockid()
<unistd.h>
alarm()
close()
Environ
fdatasync()
fsync()
pause()
read()
sysconf()
write()
confstr()
access()
chdir()
dup()
dup2()
fpathconf()
ftruncate()
getcwd()
link()
lseek()
pathconf()
rmdir()
unlink()
_exit()
gethostname()
getpgrp()
getpid()
getppid()
pipe()
setsid()
sleep()
execl()
execle()
execlp()
execv()
execve()
execvp()
fork()
chown()
fchown()
getegid()
geteuid()
getgid()
getgroups()
getlogin()
getlogin_r()
getopt()
getuid()
isatty()
optarg
opterr
optind
optopt
readlink()
setegid()
seteuid()
setgid()
setpgid()
setuid()
symlink()
tcgetpgrp()
tcsetpgrp()
ttyname()
ttyname_r()
<complex.h>
cabs()
cabsf()
cabsl()
cacos()
cacosf()
cacosh()
cacoshf()
cacoshl()
cacosl()
carg()
cargf()
cargl()
casin()
casinf()
casinh()
casinhf()
casinhl()
casinl()
catan()
catanf()
catanh()
catanhf()
catanhl()
catanl()
ccos()
ccosf()
ccosh()
ccoshf()
ccoshl()
ccosl()
cexp()
cexpf()
cexpl()
cimag()
cimagf()
cimagl()
clog()
clogf()
clogl()
conj()
conjf()
conjl()
cpow()
cpowf()
cpowl()
cproj()
cprojf()
cprojl()
creal()
crealf()
creall()
csin()
csinf()
csinh()
csinhf()
csinhl()
csinl()
csqrt()
csqrtf()
csqrtl()
ctan()
ctanf()
ctanh()
ctanhf()
ctanhl()
ctanl()
<dirent.h>
closedir()
opendir()
readdir()
readdir_r()
rewinddir()
<math.h>
acos()
acosf()
acosh()
acoshf()
acoshl()
acosl()
asin()
asinf()
asinh()
asinhf()
asinhl()
asinl()
atan()
atan2()
atan2f()
atan2l()
atanf()
atanh()
atanhf()
atanhl()
atanl()
cbrt()
cbrtf()
cbrtl()
ceil()
ceilf()
ceill()
copysign()
copysignf()
copysignl()
cos()
cosf()
cosh()
coshf()
coshl()
cosl()
erf()
erfc()
erfcf()
erfcl()
erff()
erfl()
exp()
exp2()
exp2f()
exp2l()
expf()
expl()
expm1()
expm1f()
expm1l()
fabs()
fabsf()
fabsl()
fdim()
fdimf()
fdiml()
floor()
floorf()
floorl()
fma()
fmaf()
fmal()
fmax()
fmaxf()
fmaxl()
fmin()
fminf()
fminl()
fmod()
fmodf()
fmodl()
fpclassify()
frexp()
frexpf()
frexpl()
hypot()
hypotf()
hypotl()
ilogb()
ilogbf()
ilogbl()
isfinite()
isgreater()
isgreaterequal()
isinf()
isless()
islessequal()
islessgreater()
isnan()
isnormal()
isunordered()
ldexp()
ldexpf()
ldexpl()
lgamma()
lgammaf()
lgammal()
llrint()
llrintf()
llrintl()
llround()
llroundf()
llroundl()
log()
log10()
log10f()
log10l()
log1p()
log1pf()
log1pl()
log2()
log2f()
log2l()
logb()
logbf()
logbl()
logf()
logl()
lrint()
lrintf()
lrintl()
lround()
lroundf()
lroundl()
modf()
modff()
modfl()
nan()
nanf()
nanl()
nearbyint()
nearbyintf()
nearbyintl()
nextafter()
nextafterf()
nextafterl()
nexttoward()
nexttowards()
pow()
powf()
powl()
remainder()
remainderf()
remainderl()
remquo()
remquof()
remquol()
rint()
rintf()
rintl()
round()
roundf()
roundl()
scalbln()
scalblnf()
scalblnl()
scalbn()
scalbnf()
scalbnl()
sin()
sinf()
sinh()
sinhf()
sinhl()
sinl()
sqrt()
sqrtf()
sqrtl()
tan()
tanf()
tanh()
tanhf()
tanhl()
tanl()
tgamma()
tgammaf()
tgammal()
trunc()
truncf()
truncl()
nexttowardf()
signbit()
<mqueue.h>
mq_close()
mq_getattr()
mq_notify()
mq_open()
mq_receive()
mq_send()
mq_setattr()
mq_timedreceive()
mq_timedsend()
mq_unlink()
<sys/stat.h>
fstat()
mkdir()
stat()
chmod()
fchmod()
lstat()
mkfifo()
umask()
<trace.h>
posix_trace_attr_destroy()
posix_trace_attr_getclockres()
posix_trace_attr_getcreatetime()
posix_trace_attr_getgenversion()
posix_trace_attr_getinherited()
posix_trace_attr_getlogfullpolicy()
posix_trace_attr_getlogsize()
posix_trace_attr_getmaxdatasize()
posix_trace_attr_getmaxsystemeventsize()
posix_trace_attr_getmaxusereventsize()
posix_trace_attr_getname()
posix_trace_attr_getstreamfullpolicy()
posix_trace_attr_getstreamsize()
posix_trace_attr_init()
posix_trace_attr_setinherited()
posix_trace_attr_setlogfullpolicy()
posix_trace_attr_setlogsize()
posix_trace_attr_setmaxdatasize()
posix_trace_attr_setname()
posix_trace_attr_setstreamfullpolicy()
posix_trace_attr_setstreamsize()
posix_trace_clear()
posix_trace_close()
posix_trace_create()
posix_trace_create_withlog()
posix_trace_event()
posix_trace_eventid_equal()
posix_trace_eventid_get_name()
posix_trace_eventid_open()
posix_trace_eventset_add()
posix_trace_eventset_del()
posix_trace_eventset_empty()
posix_trace_eventset_fill()
posix_trace_eventset_ismember()
posix_trace_eventtypelist_getnext_id()
posix_trace_eventtypelist_rewind()
posix_trace_flush()
posix_trace_get_attr()
posix_trace_get_filter()
posix_trace_get_status()
posix_trace_getnext_event()
posix_trace_open()
posix_trace_rewind()
posix_trace_set_filter()
posix_trace_shutdown()
posix_trace_start()
posix_trace_stop()
posix_trace_timedgetnext_event()
posix_trace_trid_eventid_open()
posix_trace_trygetnext_event()
<utime.h>
utime()
<aio.h>
aio_cancel()
aio_error()
aio_fsync()
aio_read()
aio_return()
aio_write()
aio_suspend()
lio_listio()
<arpa/inet.h>
htonl()
htons()
inet_addr()
inet_ntoa()
inet_ntop()
inet_pton()
ntohl()
ntohs()
<assert.h>
assert()
<net/if.h>
if_freenameindex()
if_indextoname()
if_nameindex()
if_nametoindex()
<netdb.h>
endhostent()
endnetent()
endprotoent()
endservent()
freeaddrinfo()
gai_strerror()
getaddrinfo()
gethostent()
getnameinfo()
getnetbyaddr()
getnetbyname()
getnetent()
getprotobyname()
getprotobynumber()
getprotoent()
getservbyname()
getservbyport()
getservent()
sethostent()
setnetent()
setprotoent()
setservent()
<spawn.h>
posix_spawn()
posix_spawn_file_actions_addclose()
posix_spawn_file_actions_adddup2()
posix_spawn_file_actions_addopen()
posix_spawn_file_actions_destroy()
posix_spawn_file_actions_init()
posix_spawnattr_destroy()
posix_spawnattr_getflags()
posix_spawnattr_getpgroup()
posix_spawnattr_getschedparam()
posix_spawnattr_getschedpolicy()
posix_spawnattr_getsigdefault()
posix_spawnattr_getsigmask()
posix_spawnattr_init()
posix_spawnattr_setflags()
posix_spawnattr_setpgroup()
posix_spawnattr_setschedparam()
posix_spawnattr_setschedpolicy()
posix_spawnattr_setsigdefault()
posix_spawnattr_setsigmask()
posix_spawnp()
<sys/select.h>
FD_CLR()
FD_ISSET()
FD_SET()
FD_ZERO()
select()
pselect()
<sys/socket.h>
accept()
bind()
connect()
getpeername()
getsockname()
getsockopt()
listen()
recv()
recvfrom()
recvmsg()
send()
sendmsg()
sendto()
setsockopt()
shutdown()
socket()
socketpair()
sockatmark()
<sys/time.h>
times()
utimes()
<sys/wait.h>
wait()
<dlfcn.h>
dlclose()
dlerror()
dlopen()
dlsym()
<fnmatch.h>
fnmatch()
<glob.h>
glob()
globfree()
<grp.h>
getgrgid()
getgrgid_r()
getgrnam()
getgrnam_r()
<pwd.h>
getpwnam()
getpwnam_r()
getpwuid()
getpwuid_r()
<regex.h>
regcomp()
regerror()
regexec()
regfree()
<syslog.h>
closelog()
openlog()
setlogmask()
syslog()
<termios.h>
cfgetispeed()
cfgettospeed()
cfsetispeed()
cfsettospeed()
tcdrain()
tcflow()
tcflush()
tcgetattr()
tcsendbreak()
tcsetattr()
<wchar.h>
btowc()
fgetwc()
fgetws()
fputwc()
fputws()
fwide()
fwprintf()
fwscanf()
getwc()
getwchar()
mbrlen()
mbrtowc()
mbsinit()
mbsrtowcs()
putwc()
putwchar()
swprintf()
swscanf()
ungetwc()
vfwprintf()
vfwscanf()
vswprintf()
vswscanf()
vwprintf()
vwscanf()
wcrtomb()
wcscat()
wcschr()
wcscmp()
wcscoll()
wcscpy()
wcscspn()
wcsftime()
wcslen()
wcsncat()
wcsncmp()
wcsncpy()
wcspbrk()
wcsrchr()
wcsrtombs()
wcsspn()
wcsstr()
wcstod()
wcstof()
wcstok()
wcstol()
wcstold()
wcstoll()
wcstoul()
wcstoull()
wcsxfrm()
wctob()
wmemchr()
wmemcmp()
wmemcpy()
wmemmove()
wmemset()
wprintf()
wscanf()
<wctype.h>
iswalnum()
iswalpha()
iswblank()
iswcntrl()
iswctype()
iswdigit()
iswgraph()
iswlower()
iswprint()
iswpunct()
iswspace()
iswupper()
iswxdigit()
towctrans()
towlower()
towupper()
wctrans()
wctype()
<wordexp.h>
wordexp()
wordfree()
Introduction to LIBC